Hereditary characters resistance to Heterobasidion annosum resistance of pine seedlings grown from tree seeds in the disease foci
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/forest2020.01.078Abstract
Pure pine stands, planted on formerly arable land, are usually infected by root rot caused by the basidiomycete fungus Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. Currently, there are no radical methods to control the disease, despite more than 200 years of research throughout the world. Therefore, the alternative solution to this problem is the breeding of hyposensitive pine trees. The aim of the study was to identify the specificities of pine offsprings with various resistance to annosum root rot. The research was carried out in a 60-year-old pure pine stand within Kharkiv Region, infected by annosum root rot. According to the methodology of the study, trees were divided into three groups: «healthy» – no visible signs of damage outside the decline zone; «resistant» – in the open space of the gap in the disease focus without visible signs of disease; «diseased» – with signs of damage (weak growth, short pale green needles, etc.). The study of biometric parameters of the reproductive organs of Scots pine trees with various resistances to annosum root rot indicated that the disease-resistant trees had a greater average mass of a cone compared to infected and uninfected trees. Also, the mass of their 1,000 seeds was close to that of uninfected trees. In the diseased trees, these values were the least. Biometric characteristics of one-year pine seedlings grown in a greenhouse from seeds of «diseased», «healthy» and «resistant» trees showed that the characteristic feature of the one-year-old offspring of «resistant» trees grown within the root rot foci is a significantly longer root system of a seedling. Such a long root system allows it to survive under high disease background, which is probably the main criterion of pine resistance to the disease. Selected seedlings from the offspring of trees «resistant» to annosum root rot must comprise 20–30% of the planting material for afforestation. In order to grow root rot resistant pine stands, selected seedlings from the offspring of resistant trees are further recommended for the pine stand establishment on former arable land and reforestation of felling sites infected by root rot and gaps in the decline foci.
Keywords: annosum root rot foci, root rot resistant trees, cones, seeds, seedling biometrics.References
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