ISSN 2415-7686 (Інтернет), ISSN 2309-6659 (Друк) Тема: висвітлення результатів досліджень технологій утримання різних видів птиці на птахофабриках та в сільських господарських умовах. Рік заснування: 2002 Засновники: Національний університет біоресурсів та природокористування України, кафедра птиці та дрібних тварин. Публікується 12 разів на рік Свідоцтво про реєстрацію: КВ № 14974-3946 ПР від 19.02.2009 р. Спеціальність DAK: Ветеринарні науки. Сільськогосподарські науки. Мови видання: українська, англійська. Адреса: вул. Героїв Оборони, 15, Київ-03041, Україна. Телефон: +38 044 527 87 20 Індексується у таких міжнародних наукометричних базах даних: Google Scholar
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СИСТЕМА ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ "PAD COOLING" ВІД "LUBING ": оптимальний мікроклімат для птиці
СИСТЕМА ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ "PAD COOLING" ВІД "LUBING": оптимальний мікроклімат для птиці
Seasonal changes in the fatty acid composition of chicken egg yolks
The demand for chicken eggs is constantly growing. Nowadays, eggs are a recognized component of a healthy human diet, so improving and ensuring their quality and nutritional value is a priority task. The aim of the work was to determine whether there were changes in the fatty acid composition of eggs depending on the season and in accordance with the established diet. During 4 seasons, eggs were selected from 12 laying hens of the Hercules breed of 240 days of age in one of the private farms of the Dubno district of the Rivne region, which practice free-range keeping. By gas chromatography (using a flame ionization detector), 20 fatty acids were detected and quantitatively identified in chicken egg yolks: myristic, myristooleic, pentadecanoic, palmitic, palmitoleic, margarine, heptadecene, stearic, oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic, gondoic, arachidonic, gamma-linolenic, eicosadienoic, eicosatrienoic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic. It was found that the mass fraction of saturated fatty acids in egg yolks significantly increased in the winter and autumn periods, namely by 25% higher relative to the level of saturated fatty acids in the summer period. Unsaturated fatty acids are mainly represented by oleic and linoleic acids. The mass fraction of oleic acid changed slightly and was within 38.12–40.64%, with a tendency to increase in the winter period. As for linoleic acid, its highest content was observed in the summer period (27.77±0.69), and the lowest was in the winter (20.43±0.80). Monounsaturated fatty acids tended to decrease in the summer period compared to the winter period. As for polyunsaturated, their highest content was observed in the summer, the lowest in the winter. Omega-3 fatty acids had a significant tendency to increase in the summer season compared to other seasons. Thus, it was established that the free-range system of laying hens and the appropriate diet can improve the nutritional profile of the yolk, thereby increasing its positive impact on human health. Key words: edible eggs, fatty acid composition, laying hens.
Enhancing the natural protection of animals with algae to optimize their productivity
Under the current conditions of poultry intensification, specialists are required to implement effective and safe solutions rapidly to preserve bird health and improve the quality. One promising approach is the use of bioactive compounds from marine seaweeds, which can modulate the immune response and enhance intestinal barrier functions. Marine macroalgae are a valuable source of vitamins (A, B, C, D, E), minerals (Fe, Ca, Mg, I, Se), amino acids, and antioxidants, all essential for maintaining physiological processes and overall health in poultry. Of particular importance are the sulfated polysaccharides of macroalgal cell walls, which possess a unique structure and a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anticoagulant, antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor, enteroprotective, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects. Based on innovative technologies developed by Olmix Group (France), the feed additive "Algimun" was formulated. Its main active components are sulfated polysaccharides extracted from marine seaweeds: MSP®IMMUNITY (green algae extract, which modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses) and MSP®BARRIER (red algae extract, which strengthens the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium). The synergistic action of these extracts reduces pathogen translocation across the intestinal epithelium and enhances the first line of immune defense. Experimental studies demonstrated that "Algimun" exhibits pronounced virucidal activity. Using an express assay, the absence of lysis zones at sites treated with the mixture and bacteriophage was confirmed. In ovo experiments with chicken embryos showed a reduction in mortality caused by Newcastle disease virus to 14%. Additionally, "Algimun" displayed antimicrobial activity: the inhibition zones for Staphylococcus aureus-209 and Escherichia coli measured 21 mm and 24 mm, respectively, which is comparable to the effects of standard antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and amikacin). Overall, these results support the potential application of "Algimun" in poultry production as a tool for enhancing natural resistance and protecting birds from pathogenic agents. Keywords: poultry, marine algae, feed additive, virucidal activity, antibacterial activity
"EUROTIER 2024": інновації та перспективи в птахівництві
УКРАЇНСЬКА ПИСАНКА УВІЙШЛА ДО ЮНЕСКО
Вимоги до виробництва та обігу яєць і м’яса птиці
ПЕЛІКАН РОЖЕВИЙ (Pelecanus onocrotalus) в умовах Київського зоологічного парку
Промислове виробництво яєць сягнуло довоєнного рівня Сільгосппідприємства вирощують 50,9% птиці В ЄС зростає споживання курятини Чи зможе Україна й надалі експортувати курятину до ЄС? У січні-жовтні 2024 експорт яєць зріс на 47% від тогоріч
Modern methods for determining quality and safety indicators of poultry products
The poultry industry in Ukraine and the world is developing dynamically. Poultry farming is an important source of income for small farmers, private and public market operators. It plays a significant role in meeting people's daily needs, in particular, providing the body with vital nutrients through the consumption of meat and eggs. At the same time, the requirements for the safety and quality of poultry products are growing significantly. The main indicators of poultry meat quality include organoleptic assessment, determination of meat temperature, mass fraction of fat, protein, etc. Maximum permissible levels (MRLs) have been established for the main indicators of the safety of poultry products, such as residues of pesticides, drugs, heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, radionuclides, microbiological indicators and mycotoxins. They are specified in the relevant current regulatory legal acts of Ukraine. Guided by these standards, appropriate research methods have been developed and are constantly being improved in Ukraine and the world. Sample preparation of eggs, egg products and poultry meat is the most important stage in determining the required indicators and consists of sampling, extraction and purification. For the determination of aflatoxins, hormones and antibiotics in poultry products, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chromatographic methods are used: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS analysis). Toxic elements and heavy metals are determined by atomic emission with inductively coupled plasma and atomic absorption methods. Polychlorinated biphenyls and fatty acids in eggs and poultry meat are determined by gas chromatography using PID and ESD detectors and capillary columns. In the future, it would be advisable to conduct a comparative assessment of existing methods for determining the quality and safety indicators of poultry products, indicating the advantages and disadvantages of specific research methods. Key words: poultry products, analytical methods, quality, safety
Hunting pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) in the conditions of the Kiev Zoological Park
In recent years, there has been a steady trend toward increased interest in pheasant breeding worldwide, including in Ukraine. This is due to their use in decorative poultry farming, for the restoration and replenishment of hunting grounds, and for the production of high-quality game meat products with unique flavor properties. In industrial and farm poultry farming, the common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) is mainly used for commercial breeding, as it is characterized by good adaptability, relative undemandingness to conditions of keeping, and stable productivity indicators. This species is widely represented in zoological institutions around the world, including zoos, where it serves both an exhibition and scientific and educational function. In particular, common pheasants are kept in the Kyiv Zoological Park, which creates additional opportunities for observation, research, and popularization of knowledge about the biology and keeping of this species. The aim of the study was to investigate the feeding and maintenance characteristics of hunting pheasants in the conditions of the Kyiv Zoological Park. The results of the research showed that a special diet was developed for hunting pheasants in compliance with all standards. The nutritional value of the feed, as well as the diet itself, gradually changes depending on the age of the pheasants. The diet includes concentrated, succulent feed of animal origin and vitamin and mineral supplements. Each pheasant consumes 75-80 g of feed per day, depending on the season. Hunting pheasants are exhibited in zoo modules, which are a more modern version of aviaries. These modules are semi-oval in shape, 4 m high, and cover an area of 36.54 m2. Hunting pheasants are kept in the modules in accordance with the concept of wildlife, where natural and artificial materials are used to create an aviary that resembles the pheasants' natural habitat. Hunting pheasants are kept in groups of 10-12 individuals, with a sex ratio of 1-2:8-10, where females outnumber males. Key words: phasianus colchicus, feeding, keeping, rations, feed, aviries
FEATHER PECKING – (technology derived) behavioral disorder in laying hens stocks
Feather pecking (FP) and feather eating, is one of the most common behavioral disorders in flocks of laying hens. At best, it leads to thermoregulatory disorders in birds due to significant plumage deficiencies, more advanced to injury, pain and even cannibalism in the flock. It is often difficult to indicate a specific reason for the occurrence of feather pecking due to the polyetiological nature of this phenomenon. It can result from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, such as the lack of optimal rearing conditions (here, among others: stocking density, composition and form of feed, foraging opportunities, etc.). FP is subject to classification according to the targeting and severity of the pecking, and its consequences are always considered in the context of hens' welfare disorders, which contribute to the economics of their rearing. Due to the fact that FP can appear regardless of the birds' housing system, the scale of production and nowadays even the direction of use (utility type), it is important to develop methods that will prevent its occurrence or minimize its effects. The paper provides an overview of the various classifications of FP, its causes and consequences for animal welfare and farming economics. What’s being discussed is methods of reducing FP, including genetic selection, environmental enrichment through access to litter and paddocks, and nutritional modifications such as increasing the fiber content of feed. Particular attention was paid to the controversial practice of beak trimming, which, while effective in reducing aggression, raises ethical questions. It was emphasized that FP occurs in all farming systems, regardless of their intensity. The need for further research into methods to improve hen welfare and more effective strategies to prevent the problem was pointed out. Key words: feather pecking, hens, welfare, behavior, keeping, feeding
Complex sorbents of mycotoxins in poultry
Ensuring poultry health and improving its productivity in modern conditions is largely associated with the use of various mycotoxin adsorbents, as the widespread infection of grain feed with moulds increases the risk of mycotoxin exposure and increasingly threatens the safety and quality of animal feed. This led to the analysis of mycotoxin sorbents used in poultry farms to prevent mycotoxicosis in bird. An analysis of mycotoxin sorbents on the market and their use in poultry farms shows that complex preparations are more common. Most of the products presented contain inorganic (mineral) and organic components in various combinations. Almost all of them contain hydrates of sodium and calcium aluminosilicates, which ensures effective binding of mycotoxins by adsorption. Low-component formulations include an additional organic component – hjk organic acids – to improve health, growth, feed digestibility and microbiological safety. Multicomponent formulations also contain other inorganic (natural clays, silicon-containing compounds) and organic ingredients that have a multifaceted effect on the poultry body, such as yeast cell wall preparations (MOS), which have a probiotic effect and play an important role in binding mycotoxins and improving the microenvironment of the animal's digestive tract, brown algae flour, plant extracts (milk thistle extract, in particular) and other biologically active substances (amino acid derivatives, enzymes, essential oils) that mitigate the effects of mycotoxicosis due to hepatoprotective, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Multicomponent sorbents of mycotoxins are more effective due to their complex effect on the body of poultry. The use of mycotoxin adsorbents in poultry farming, taking into account the analysis of their characteristics, interaction with mycotoxins in the poultry body, and analysis of feed quality, requires research to determine the optimal means and conditions for their use. Key words: mycotoxins, feed, molds, sorbents, poultry farming
The The appropriateness of the use of soy isoflavone feed preparation in poultry farming for adjusting mineral metabolism
Mineral substances take part in all metabolic processes of the poultry organism, are catalysts of metabolism; its productivity, quality and safety of poultry products, profitability and profitability of the industry depend on the efficiency of mineral metabolism. To activate osteogenesis, the choice of isoflavones is justified, since the wide spectrum of biological action of polyphenols allows for a systemic corrective effect on organs and systems, significantly increasing the nonspecific resistance of the body to endo- and exogenous factors. According to the developed technology, a feed prepara-tion of soy isoflavones EXSO was obtained, its effect on the main indicators of mineral metabolism in the body of laboratory animals was determined, and the prospects for its use in poultry farming were outlined. It was established that the chemical composition of EXSO is represented by a wide range of water-soluble substances: peptides, amino acids (32-38%), sugars (42-46%), vitamins, phenolic compounds, macro- and microelements, isoflavones genistein and daidzein. A significant number of proteolysis inhibitors in the prep-aration, which have anti-inflammatory properties, prebiotics (raffinose and stachyose), which eliminate the phenomenon of dysbiosis and allow you to use the potential of normobiota to enhance the osteobiotic effect. In vivo, it was established: the introduction of the preparation of soy isoflavones EXSO into the body increases the activity of alkaline phosphatase (a biochemical marker of osteoblasts) in the blood serum: starting from the 8th day of use, at a dose of 300 mg/g, and also on the 24th day at a dose of 150 mg/kg and by the end of the observation, the activity level is significantly higher than the corresponding indicators in the control group. The introduction of EXSO reduces the calcium content in the blood on the 14th day at a dose of 300 mg/kg and on the 34th day at a dose of 150 mg/kg, which indicates an intensive course of mineralization processes in the body. Daily administration of EXO significantly shortened the period of bone densification: at a dose of 150 mg/kg – 30 days earlier, and 300 mg/kg – 40 days earlier than in the control group. It is recommended to include EXSO feed preparation in poultry diets without increasing the calcium content in the feed. Key words: mineral metabolism, poultry, soy, isoflavones, osteobiotics, bone tissue, feed
Growing of young turkeys with different ratios of lysine and methionine in combined feeds
The article highlights the results of research on determining the optimal level of valine in broiler chickens' feed. The scientific and economic experiment investigated the effect of different levels of valine in feed on live weight, absolute, average daily, relative weight gain and feed consumption in broiler chickens. At a day-old age, 330 broiler chickens of the "Ross-308" cross were randomly divided into 3 groups of 110 birds each, which received complete pelleted feeds that differed in valine levels. The broilers were fed complete pelleted feed. The amount of metabolizable energy of nutrients and biologically active substances in the feed for all groups of broilers was the same. At the same time, the feeds for broilers of the experimental groups differed in the content of valine. The nutritional value of the feeds varied depending on the age of the broilers: 1-10, 11-24, 25-37 and 38-45 days. The amount of total valine in the feed for the first group was respectively – 11.7; 10.6; 9.8; 9.3 g/kg, for другої – 12.2; 11.1; 10.2; 9.7 g/kg and for the third group – 11.2; 10.2; 9.4; 8.9 g/kg. That is, in the second group, broilers received a diet with an increased (up to 5%) valine content compared to the first group, and in the third group – with a reduced (up to 5%). The results of the research show that broiler chickens in the first (3325.1 g) and second (3402.2 g) groups at the end of rearing (45 days) had a live weight slightly higher than that recommended by Aviagen (3295 g). In the third group, broiler chickens did not reach the standard weight (3247 g). Compared to the control, the chickens receiving feed with an increased level of valine had a higher final live weight by 2.3%. The description of the growth of young broiler chickens using mathematical methods confirmed the S-shaped growth curve with a high coefficient of determination for each experimental group with a reliable approximation coefficient R2=1
"АГРОВЕСНА 2025" як відображення сучасних тенденцій розвитку аграрного сектору України
"GRAIN STORAGE FORUM 2025": підсумки роботи
Morphological blood parameters and productivity of broiler chickens under t-2 toxicosis and the application of the bioadsorbent "biobon"
One of the pressing issues frequently encountered in modern poultry farming is the emergence and spread of mycotoxicoses, which can negatively affect the health of farm birds and cause significant economic losses for poultry producers. One of the most dangerous mycotoxicoses in industrial poultry farming is T-2 mycotoxicosis, caused by the trichothecene mycotoxin produced by fungi of the Fusarium genus. It is known that T-2 toxin has pronounced cytotoxic, immunosuppressive, and hematotoxic effects, leading to reduced productivity indicators in poultry, a weakened immune status, and increased susceptibility to infections, which often develop as a result of the negative impact of mycotoxins on the bird's body. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of T-2 toxin on the morphological parameters of blood and the productivity of broiler chickens, as well as to assess the effectiveness of the feed bioadsorbent “BioBon” in preventing T-2 toxicosis. The experiment included three groups of broiler chickens, each consisting of 30 birds: a control group, an experimental group 1 (with the addition of 0.2 mg/kg of T-2 toxin to the feed), and an experimental group 2 (with the addition of T-2 toxin and the bioadsorbent "BioBon"). From days 15 to 28 and then to 35, the hemoglobin content in the blood of all groups increased, followed by a decrease on day 42. However, we observed a tendency for an increase in hemoglobin levels in the blood of the birds in the second experimental group by 2.40% compared to the control group. On day 28, the broiler chickens in the first experimental group showed a marked decrease in leukocyte count by 22.88% and lymphocyte count by 18.04%, indicating a pronounced immunosuppressive effect of the T-2 toxin when added to the diet of broiler chickens in this group. The bioadsorbent “BioBon”, when added to the compound feed at a dose of 2 kg/ton, neutralized the negative effects of the T-2 toxin on the experimental broiler chickens, resulting in an increase in slaughter weight up to 2917 g, and also contributed to a reduction in the feed conversion ratio to 1.690 kg/kg.
Performance indicators and broiler chicken livability when using yeast cell wall in feeding
Since 2006, the European Union has implemented a ban on the use of feed antibiotics in poultry farming, creating the need to find alternative methods for preventing infectious diseases in commercial poultry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the prebiotic preparation "Ist Sel Vol", produced by "Angel Yeast LTD", whose active ingredient is a yeast cell wall derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in broiler chicken production. An analysis of its impact on the growth and safety of broiler chickens was conducted. A production trial lasting 38 days was conducted on 74,410 "Cobb-500" broiler chickens, which were divided into two groups. The only difference between the experimental group and the control group was the addition of the prebiotic yeast cell wall preparation "Ist Sel Vol" at a dosage of 1 kg per ton of feed. At the end of the production cycle, a positive stimulatory effect of the tested preparation on the growth and development of broiler chickens was observed. As a result of using the yeast cell wall preparation, the average daily weight gain of broilers in the experimental group was 0.81% higher compared to the control group, and the average carcass weight of chickens from the experimental group was 1.17% higher than the average carcass weight of the control group. The application of the tested prebiotic also contributed to an improvement in feed conversion by 2.4%. The European Efficiency Factor in the experimental group was 3.3% higher than in the control group. Additionally, an increase in the livability rate by 0.5% was recorded in the experimental group. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the "Ist Sel Vol" yeast cell wall preparation in industrial broiler production and highlight its potential for preventing bacterial diseases and reducing the negative effects of mycotoxins in broiler farming.
Meat quality of broiler chickens using a probiotic preparation
The development of science and new technologies created on the basis of its achievements open up alternative ways to solve food security problems. The priority in this aspect may be the development of new technologies for the creation of combined probiotic preparations. These technologies allow solving existing problems with fundamentally new means, in particular, obtaining a sufficient amount of food that is safe for human health. The development and testing of effective natural preventive preparations and schemes for their application to broiler chickens, especially in the production of organic and functional products, is an urgent issue today for the development, improvement of the efficiency and profitability of the poultry industry. We investigated the effect of the combined probiotic preparation “TIMM-P” on the meat of broiler chickens. The preparation “TIMM-P” was given in courses for 1-5 days, 21-25 and 30-35 days of poultry farming. Determination of the chemical composition of meat in 42-day-old experimental broiler chickens indicates a probable increase in the content of total protein in the muscle tissue of the bird with the use of a probiotic. A probable effect of the probiotic preparation on extending the shelf life of poultry meat was established based on the study of organoleptic and chemical indicators of broiler chicken meat during refrigerated storage. On the 7th and 9th day of storage of carcasses of the experimental group, which was treated with a probiotic, a probable decrease in the pH value, acid and peroxide value of fat in meat was recorded. Thus, oral administration of the probiotic preparation improves the quality indicators of broiler chicken meat and extends its shelf life. Therefore, the complex probiotic preparation “TIMM-P” can be recommended for use during broiler chicken breeding, as well as an alternative to antibiotics in organic poultry farming.
Energy nutrition and nutrient digestibility of high-protein sunflower concentrate in feeding broiler chickens
The studies were conducted on broiler chickens of the cross "Kobb 500" in the research laboratory of "Feed Additives" and "Animal Nutrition and Feed Quality" of the Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology named after P.D. Pshenychny National University of Life Resources and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. The aim of the study was to investigate the actual energy content and nutrient digestibility of high- protein sunflower concentrate in feeding broiler chickens. The digestibility of nutrients in high-protein sunflower concentrate was carried out in a simple way, with two modifications: by the direct method and by the method of inert substances. Lignin, a natural component of plant-based feeds, was used as an inert substance. The determination of digestibility in broiler chickens was carried out on 12 broilers aged 32-42 days. The chickens were kept in individual cages. The area per head was 0.2 m2, the feeding front was 25 cm, and the watering was 3 cm. The experiment lasted 10 days. During this time, various methods were used to determine digestibility in a group of experimental chickens. The physiological experiment consisted of preparatory and primary periods. During the preparatory period, which lasted 5 days, the bird was accustomed to consuming the studied feed and new conditions of detention, and the level of feed consumption was established. The digestibility of crude protein was relatively high, at 95%. Moreover, the discrepancy between the indicators obtained for determining digestibility by the direct method and the method of inert substances was minimal, less than 1%. The same picture was observed for the digestibility of crude fat; the indicator was within 85%. The discrepancy between the two methods was minimal – 0.5%. The digestibility of structural carbohydrates was low, which is typical for poultry, especially young birds. The total energy value of high-protein sunflower concentrate for broiler chickens is 11.624–13.968 MJ/kg.
Chicken crosses of the breeding company Dominant Genetika s.r.o.
Breeding poultry companies offer chickens of their own selection, the breeding of which is advisable under various technologies, including organic production. The analysis of the gene pool of chickens of the Czech company DOMINANT Genetika s.r.o. allowed to substantiate the advantages of using certain hybrids. The diversity of the proposed hybrids is due to the use of the source material: 14 hybrids were obtained by crossing separate lines of Rhode Island, Sussex and Plymouth breeds, Dominant leghorn D229 – 4 populations of white leghorns, 4 hybrids – leghorns with different plumage colors, 6 hybrids – using the Araucana breed, Dominant darkshell DS109 – the Maran breed, 2 hybrids – the Naked Neck line. The color of the plumage and eggshells varies considerably among the hybrids. The final hybrids are autosexual in plumage coloration or growth rate of flight feathers. The age range for reaching 50% egg production is 22-28 weeks, with a peak egg production of 88-94% at 29-30 weeks of age, with no difference between parent and commercial flocks. The egg production of hens in the commercial flock is 240-320 eggs in 59 weeks, and that of the parent flock – up to 275 eggs with a hatching egg yield of up to 250 eggs in 49 weeks. The hybrids with the highest (62-63 g) and lowest (58 g) egg weight were identified. Egg weight in birds of the parent flock is characterised by greater uniformity. During the productive period, the average daily feed intake was 105-132 g. The liveability rate of the parent flock chickens is 94-97%, and that of the final hybrids is 93-97%. Slow-growing roosters are offered for meat production, which reach a weight of 1842 g on the 77th day with a feed conversion of 2.79 kg and a high content of α-tocopherol and an optimal ratio of fatty acids. The company's chicken crosses can satisfy producers of food eggs and poultry meat for keeping them in households, farms, organic farming, and intensive farming.
Growth of young turkeys at different levels of lysine and methionine in feed
The article examines the effect of using complete feed with different levels of lysine and methionine on the growth of turkeys. Experimental studies were performed on young turkeys of the BIG 6 cross-breeding meat direction. Five experimental groups of birds were formed by the method of balanced groups at the age of one day. The experiment lasted 126 days and was divided into two periods: comparative (7 days) and main (119 days). During the comparative period, the experimental youngsters consumed compound feed of the control group. In the main period of the experiment, the amount of lysine and methionine relative to the poultry feed of the control group decreased or increased proportionally by 5 and 10% according to the periods of cultivation. It was established that different levels of lysine and methionine in compound feed for young turkeys affect its productivity in different ways. In particular, at the end of the experiment, at the age of 126 days, the highest live weight was achieved by turkeys that consumed compound feed with an increase in the amount of lysine and methionine by 5 and 10% – they outnumbered the counterparts of the control group, respectively, by 5.9 (P<0.01) and 3.6%. Poultry that received compound feed with a reduced amount of lysine and methionine were inferior to control peers by 5.6 (P<0.05) and 2.7%, respectively, according to the mentioned indicator. The description of the growth of young turkeys using mathematical methods confirmed the S-shaped ascending shape of the growth curve with high coefficients of determination for each experimental group. It has been proven that in almost all periods of the experiment, young turkeys that consumed compound feed with a higher level of lysine and methionine prevailed in terms of average daily live weight gains of their counterparts, which were fed compound feed with a lower proportion of lysine and methionine. In general, turkeys that consumed compound feed with increased levels of lysine and methionine by 5 and 10% were characterized by higher average daily live weight gains – they exceeded control analogues by the mentioned indicator by 6.1 and 3.6%, respectively. Experimental birds that received combined feed with a reduced amount of lysine and methionine by 10 and 5% were inferior to peers of the 1st group by 5.9 and 2.7%, respectively. It was established that the relationship between different levels of lysine and methionine in compound feed for young turkeys and its average daily weight gain is described by a polynomial line with a reliable approximation coefficient R2=1. At the same time, the correlation analysis showed that there is a direct average relationship between these phenomena (rs=0.6, P<0.005).
Канада відкрила для українських експортерів ринок яєчних продуктів Україна значно збільшила експорт яєць у першому півріччі 2024 року На птахофабриках Рівненщини на третину збільшилося поголів'я птиці
The article examines the effect of feeding complete ration compound feed with different ratios of lysine and methionine on the productivity of young turkeys. Experimental studies were performed on young turkeys of the "Big-6" cross-breeding meat direction. By the method of balanced groups, five sub-experimental groups of birds were formed at the age of one day. The experiment lasted 126 days and was divided into two periods: comparative (7 days) and main (119 days). During the comparative period, the experimental turkeys consumed compound feed of the control group. In the main period of the experiment, the share of methionine relative to lysine in compound feed decreased or increased by 5 or 10% according to the periods of cultivation. It was established that the different ratio of lysine and methionine in compound feed for young turkeys affects its productivity in different ways. So, at the age of 126 days, turkeys that received compound feed with an increase in the proportion of methionine relative to lysine by 5 and 10% had the highest live weight – they outnumbered the counterparts of the control group by 5.9 (Р<0.05) and 3.6%, respectively. The turkeys, which consumed compound feed with a reduced share of methionine relative to lysine by 10 and 5%, were inferior to the control peers by 4.4 and 2.2%, respectively, according to the mentioned indicator. Increasing the proportion of methionine relative to lysine by 5 and 10% in compound feed for turkeys at all stages of their growth contributes to a reduction of feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain by 4.5 and 2.2%, respectively. It is proved that the relationship between the ratio of lysine and methionine in compound feed for young turkeys and its costs per 1 kg of live weight gain is described by a polynomial line with a reliable approximation coefficient R2=1. Correlation analysis shows that there is a reliable (р<0.05) strong inverse relationship between these two indicators (rs= – 0,9). The rate of preservation of poultry in all experimental groups was close (94-96%), however, the probable influence of different ratios of lysine and methionine in compound feed for growing poultry on the rate of its preservation was not established.
Epizotic situation regarding chicken infectious bronchitis virus and bacterial co-infection
Considering the significant variability of the chicken infectious bronchitis virus and the complication of the pathological process due to secondary bacterial infection, which in the complex leads to significant economic losses, the assessment of the epizootic situation of this disease is relevant for the improvement of existing and the introduction of the latest control methods. That is why the aim of the work was to assess the epizootic situation regarding the infectious bronchitis virus in meat and egg poultry farms in some regions of Ukraine, as well as to investigate the impact of infectious bronchitis on the development of secondary bacterial infection. The study was conducted in 2024 at four egg and meat producing poultry farms in Khmelnytskyi, Lviv, Rivne, Chernivtsi, and Odesa regions. Blood serum were collected from broiler chickens at the slaughter period, as well as from laying hens, to assess the level of antibodies against the infectious bronchitis virus. Regarding the results of the serological examination, clinical, and pathomorphological examination, it was performed PCR with subsequent typing of the circulating infectious bronchitis virus. The presence of bacterial co-infection was determined using a routine microbiological examination. 432 samples of blood sera were analyzed. Clinical signs and pathological lesions were found only in 50% of the examined samples. Fibrinous tracheitis and edema, kidney hyperemia were main detected at broiler farms however the kidney atrophy and the formation of follicular constrictions were identified in laying hens. The main histological changes characteristic for the infectious bronchitis virus were atrophy of the ciliated layer of the mucosal epithelium and thickening of the submucosa of the trachea due to lymphocyte-macrophage infiltrates, as well as in the case of infection with variant strains – nephrosis and nephritis. The assessment of the epizootic situation and the significance of the infectious bronchitis virus in the pathological process is possible only with a comprehensive analysis of the results of serological, histological, and molecular biological research, which allows to assess the intensity of immunity, the nature and degree of pathomorphological lesions, as well as to detect the RNA of the pathogen.
Technology for the production of hatching eggs of “Novogen Brown” chickens
Currently in Ukraine, crosses of chickens imported from abroad are used for industrial egg production. The most common crosses are “Lomann Brown”, “Lomann White”, “Hy-Line White”, “Hy-Line Brown”, “Novogen White”, “Novogen Brown” and others. To complete the commercial laying flock, the company uses replacement stock obtained from the parent flock, which is kept in a second-order reproducer. LLC "Slovyans" (Kyiv region) has the status of a second-order reproducer for breeding “Novogen” chickens. In this regard, the aim of the study was to investigate the technology of production of hatching eggs of “Novogen Brown” chickens in the conditions of LLC "Slovyans". Day-old chicks of the parental forms of these crosses are supplied to the farm by the French breeding company “Novogen”. The productivity of chickens of the parent flock of the “Novogen Brown” cross was studied when they were kept in “Salmet” cage batteries. Seven 4-tiered batteries are installed in a room measuring 120x18.2 m (2184 m2), which provides accommodation for 38770 hens and roosters with a sex ratio of 8.6:1. The hens of the parent flock are fed with dry complete feed, with a nutritional value in accordance with “Novogen” recommendations. The content of crude protein and other substances in the feed changes three times during the productive period, depending on the age of the hens. As for crude protein, this indicator tends to decrease. The recommended minimum level of total fiber is 4.0%. The farm uses parent stock up to 72 weeks of age. At the same time, the actual egg production per initial laying hen is almost the same as the standard (298.6 eggs) and amounts to 299.2 and 298.3 eggs. The preservation of chickens in the farm is slightly lower than the recommendations (by 0.9-1.2%), and the feed consumption per egg is higher (by 3.08 and 3.59 g).