FOLLOWING PROTEIN METABOLISM INDICATORS IN THE WHITE MICE ORGANISM FOR DETERMINING ACUTE TOXICITY OF MODIFIED GELATIN
Vovkohon Alina, Candidate of agricultural sciences, Assistant Professor
Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University

Key words: protein metabolism, white mice, urea, modified gelatin, uric acid, protein, aminotransferase activity, liver, blood serum.
The use of new or modified dietary supplements requires careful research into clean and toxicological issues for public health. One of such dietary supplements is modified gelatin obtained at the Research Institute of Food Technologies of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University.
The most common toxicological studies are the establishment of harmlessness,  acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, teratogenicity, embryotoxicity, and others. Establishing acute toxicity is important for evaluating additives. Biochemical studies in experiments on acute toxicity of supplements are an integral part in our research.
At present, there are no indicators of protein metabolism in the body of white mice for acute toxicity of modified gelatin.
Therefore, the purpose of the study was to study the protein metabolism in an organism of white mice used in the experiments to determine the acute toxicity of modified gelatin.
A study on acute toxicity of modified gelatin was performed on linear white mice. The experiments were conducted in accordance with the requirements of preclinical studies and bioethics rules regarding the handling of laboratory animals. In the first stage intragastric animals were fed from 5 mg to 200 mg per kilogram of  body weight of the modified gelatin suspension. Subsequent follow up doses of the study factor were 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, and 5,000 mg/kg, in which biochemical studies in the white mice were performed. No one animals were fed with modified gelatin for half an hour. A suspension of modified gelatin was prepared in a 1.0 % solution of starch.
Applying low doses of the studied food supplement in a mice group consisted of 3 animal. During the second experiment (high doses of modified gelatin) six groups of mice were formed.
Intragastric putting of modified gelatin was performed using a metal probe (internal diameter 1.2 mm). Doses were administered once or divided into two using a short time interval between them. Experimental animals were observed for 14 days. Infusion and feeding of mice during the experiment were carried out in accordance with standard requirements.
The mice were make drowsy and slaughtered at the 15th days from the beginning of the experiment. Blood and organs were selected for biochemical studies.
Changes in behavior were not detected for the management of suspension small doses of modified gelatin from 5 mg to 200 mg per kilogram of body weight. There were not lethal cases and for the use of the studied food additive at doses of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight of animals.
Indicators of protein metabolism were determined in serum of blood and liver of mice that were taken high doses of modified gelatin. The urea content in the mice blood of the experimental group was 3.3 mmol/l for the maintenance of modified gelatin in the amount of 1000 mg/kg of body weight. The use of 2,000 and 3,000 mg of modified gelatin per kilogram of body weight resulted in an increase in urea compared to the animals in the experimental group but the difference was unlikely.
The use of high doses of food supplements in the IV and V experimental groups was accompanied by a tendency to increase the urea content in the blood of laboratory mice compared with animals from Study Group I.
It was found out that after putting of modified gelatin mice in the amount of 1000 mg/kg of body weight, the uric acid content in the liver of animals was 1.32 μmol/g. The use of a dietary supplement of 2000 mg/kg was accompanied by a 6.8 % increase in uric acid in the liver of the mice. The highest content of uric acid was detected in the liver of animals from the experimental group V but the difference was not of a probable nature.
The total protein in the liver of mice in the experimental group was 85.4 g/kg at the 15th day of the experiment. There is no established reduction or increase in the total protein in the liver of animals for the use of modified gelatin in II-V experimental groups. The mass fraction of serum protein in mice receiving 1000 mg/kg body weight of modified gelatin was 61.9 g/L. An increase in the dose of the investigated factor contributed to a slight increase in the protein content in ІІ and ІІІ and a decrease in the IV and V III experimental groups. Deviations in these cases were unlikely.
The violation of protein metabolism in the liver of animals can be judged by the activity of aminotransferases. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AsAt) in the liver of the mice (Experimental group I) was 16.2 μmol/hr/g. This figure did not differ from the average statistics on enzyme activity in physiologically healthy animals.
Significant changes were not found in the activity of AsAt in the liver of mice from the experimental group II, which carried 2000 mg/kg body weight of modified gelatin. The difference in data in the first study group was only 4.3 %. There was no detectable difference in the activity of AsAt and in the liver of animals from the III-V experimental group. Similarly, no changes were found in the activity of alanine aminotransferase in the liver of white mice following the action of modified gelatin.
Thus probable violations of protein metabolism in their body were not detected at the 15th  days after putting of high doses of modified gelatin to white mice.